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(2021) 22:899 Sun et al. BMC Genomics doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-08213-wRESEARCHOpen AccessTranscriptome comparative evaluation of ovarian follicles reveals the important genes and signaling pathways implicated in hen egg productionXue Sun1,two, Xiaoxia Chen1,2, Jinghua Zhao1,2, Chang Ma1,two, Chunchi Yan1,two, RGS19 review Simushi Liswaniso1,2, Rifu Xu1,two and Ning Qin1,2Abstract Background: Ovarian follicle development plays a crucial role in determination of poultry egg production. The follicles at the many developmental stages possess their own distinct molecular genetic qualities and have diverse biological roles in chicken ovary improvement and function. Within the each stage, various genes of follicle-specific expression and biological pathways are involved inside the vary-sized follicular development and physiological events. Identification of your pivotal genes and signaling pathways that control the follicular improvement is valuable for understanding their precise regulatory functions and molecular mechanisms underlying egg-laying traits of laying hens. Benefits: The comparative mRNA transcriptomic analysis of ovarian follicles at 3 crucial developmental stages including slow growing white follicles (GWF), smaller yellow follicles (SYF) of recruitment in to the hierarchy, and differentiated big yellow follicles (LYF), was accomplished in the layers with decrease and larger egg production. Entirely, 137, 447, and 229 of up-regulated Traditional Cytotoxic Agents review differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 99, 97, and 157 of down-regulated DEGs inside the GWF, SYF and LYF follicles, like VIPR1, VIPR2, ADRB2, and HSD17B1 had been identified, respectively. In addition, NDUFAB1 and GABRA1 genes, two most promising candidates potentially linked with egg-laying performance had been screened out in the 13 co-expressed DEGs inside the GWF, SYF and LYF samples. We additional investigated the biological effects of NDUFAB1 and GABRA1 on ovarian follicular improvement and identified that NDUFAB1 promotes follicle development by stimulating granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and decreasing cell apoptosis, increases the expression of CCND1 and BCL-2 but attenuates the expression of caspase-3, and facilitates steroidogenesis by enhancing the expression of STAR and CYP11A1. In contrast, GABRA1 inhibits GC proliferation and stimulates cell apoptosis, decreases the expression of CCND1, BCL-2, STAR, and CYP11A1 but elevates the expression of caspase-3. In addition, the three crucial signaling pathways which include PPAR signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction had been significantly enriched, which may well play vital roles in ovarian follicle development, differentiation, follicle selection, and maturation.Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] Xue Sun and Xiaoxia Chen contributed equally to this operate. two Division of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technologies, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China Full list of author info is obtainable at the end of your articleThe Author(s) 2021. Open Access This article is licensed beneath a Creative Commons Attribution four.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided that you give proper credit for the original author(s) plus the source, provide a link towards the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if adjustments have been created. The images or