Data collection, analysis and interpretation. F.E.O.A. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors read, commented on and approved the final manuscript.
Emergency nurses are often in contact with survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).1,2 In this article, the term `survivor of IPV’ refers to a female health care user seeking help at an emergency department for health fpsyg.2017.00209 problems related to exposure journal.pone.0077579 to physical, psychological and sexual violence inflicted by a current or former male intimate partner.3,4 By using the term `survivor’, the authors acknowledge a woman’s potential to move beyond the oppression of IPV when empowered with the necessary knowledge and assistance. Hexanoyl-Tyr-Ile-Ahx-NH2 chemical information Towards achieving Millennium Development Goal 3 (MDG 3) of promoting gender equality and empowering women, one of the key working areas identified was the response to gender-based violence inflicted by a partner.5 Ending violence against women is described as the `missing Millennium Development Goal (MDG)’. Policies and programmes to address violence against women are key areas in achieving in MDG 3.6 Even if exposed to seriously injured survivors, nurses are expected to suppress their emotional responses, stay non-judgmental and provide empathetic care.7 In order to cope with sometimes overwhelming emotional distress, nurses might attempt to avoid situations where they are required to provide care to survivors of IPV.7 This may result in hindering the attaining of the MDG 3 as avoidance creates a barrier to empowering women to move beyond the oppression of IPV. Positive and active ways of coping (for example, spirituality and seeking social support) were associated with nurses’ resilience to the effects of exposure to traumatic work situations.8 Frequent exposure to survivors of IPV may put nurses at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress.9 In order to moderate the impact of serious events on nurses, research needs to explore theRead online:Scan this QR code with your smart phone or mobile device to read Velpatasvir msds online.http://www.phcfm.orgOpen AccessPage 2 ofOriginal Researchway nurses cope with these events.10 Studies underscore the importance of understanding stress and coping in the nursing population in order to develop supportive strategies for nurses.11,12 A real-life event appraised by an individual as a demand threatening to exceed his or her available resources may result in stress. `Coping’ reflects a person’s cognitive and behavioural attempts to alter the problems caused by a stressful event and regulate the stressful, and sometimes intense, emotional responses. Coping with a successful outcome will produce positive emotions whilst a less favourable outcome will lead to negative emotions.13,14 A stressful event emergency nurses often need to cope with is the exposure to caring for survivors of IPV. American studies reported a 17 15 and 32 1 prevalence rate of IPV amongst women seeking help at emergency departments, whilst an Australian study reported a 14 prevalence rate.16 Similar South African statistics are not available, but in a country where a woman is killed by her intimate partner every eight hours,17 emergency nurses would often be expected to care for survivors of IPV. Exposure to stressful and traumatic incidents such as IPV may lead to cognitive, behavioural and affective changes in the way emergency nurses relate to others and themselves.18,19 Vicarious and secondary traumatisation amongst helping professionals is well described in t.Data collection, analysis and interpretation. F.E.O.A. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors read, commented on and approved the final manuscript.
Emergency nurses are often in contact with survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).1,2 In this article, the term `survivor of IPV’ refers to a female health care user seeking help at an emergency department for health fpsyg.2017.00209 problems related to exposure journal.pone.0077579 to physical, psychological and sexual violence inflicted by a current or former male intimate partner.3,4 By using the term `survivor’, the authors acknowledge a woman’s potential to move beyond the oppression of IPV when empowered with the necessary knowledge and assistance. Towards achieving Millennium Development Goal 3 (MDG 3) of promoting gender equality and empowering women, one of the key working areas identified was the response to gender-based violence inflicted by a partner.5 Ending violence against women is described as the `missing Millennium Development Goal (MDG)’. Policies and programmes to address violence against women are key areas in achieving in MDG 3.6 Even if exposed to seriously injured survivors, nurses are expected to suppress their emotional responses, stay non-judgmental and provide empathetic care.7 In order to cope with sometimes overwhelming emotional distress, nurses might attempt to avoid situations where they are required to provide care to survivors of IPV.7 This may result in hindering the attaining of the MDG 3 as avoidance creates a barrier to empowering women to move beyond the oppression of IPV. Positive and active ways of coping (for example, spirituality and seeking social support) were associated with nurses’ resilience to the effects of exposure to traumatic work situations.8 Frequent exposure to survivors of IPV may put nurses at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress.9 In order to moderate the impact of serious events on nurses, research needs to explore theRead online:Scan this QR code with your smart phone or mobile device to read online.http://www.phcfm.orgOpen AccessPage 2 ofOriginal Researchway nurses cope with these events.10 Studies underscore the importance of understanding stress and coping in the nursing population in order to develop supportive strategies for nurses.11,12 A real-life event appraised by an individual as a demand threatening to exceed his or her available resources may result in stress. `Coping’ reflects a person’s cognitive and behavioural attempts to alter the problems caused by a stressful event and regulate the stressful, and sometimes intense, emotional responses. Coping with a successful outcome will produce positive emotions whilst a less favourable outcome will lead to negative emotions.13,14 A stressful event emergency nurses often need to cope with is the exposure to caring for survivors of IPV. American studies reported a 17 15 and 32 1 prevalence rate of IPV amongst women seeking help at emergency departments, whilst an Australian study reported a 14 prevalence rate.16 Similar South African statistics are not available, but in a country where a woman is killed by her intimate partner every eight hours,17 emergency nurses would often be expected to care for survivors of IPV. Exposure to stressful and traumatic incidents such as IPV may lead to cognitive, behavioural and affective changes in the way emergency nurses relate to others and themselves.18,19 Vicarious and secondary traumatisation amongst helping professionals is well described in t.